{"id":1332,"date":"2013-02-28T01:57:26","date_gmt":"2013-02-27T22:57:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/?p=1332"},"modified":"2017-05-12T00:28:21","modified_gmt":"2017-05-11T21:28:21","slug":"bilimkurgu-ne-guzel-seydir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/?p=1332","title":{"rendered":"Bilimkurgu ne g\u00fczel \u015feydir"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u015eunu bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn: Bizim i\u00e7in alelade olan \u015feyler, bir kar\u0131nca i\u00e7in ne muazzamd\u0131r! \u00d6rne\u011fin ailenizle ge\u00e7irdi\u011finiz ne\u015feli bir piknik sonras\u0131nda arkan\u0131zda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7er \u00e7\u00f6p, tabiat\u0131n o b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan kar\u0131ncalar i\u00e7in s\u0131radanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne denli bozar, \u015f\u00f6yle bir hayal edin. Her g\u00fcn al\u0131\u015fageldi\u011fi \u00fczere gidip geldi\u011fi ve besin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 yol \u00fczerinde bir kola kutusu, i\u00e7inden s\u0131zan \u015fekerli gazl\u0131 bir s\u0131v\u0131… Kutunun rengi, bi\u00e7imi, s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131, kokusu, kutuya dair her \u015fey, o \u00fc\u00e7 be\u015f metrekarelik tabiat par\u00e7as\u0131nda belirgin bir sapma olu\u015fturur. Pipet, meyve art\u0131klar\u0131, y\u0131rt\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ve u\u00e7u\u015fan gazete ka\u011f\u0131tlar\u0131, belki bir izmarit, piknik t\u00fcp\u00fcn\u00fcn \u0131slak \u00e7im ve toprak \u00fczerinde b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 do\u011fal olmayacak kadar kusursuz yay \u015fekli… Bizim \u00e7evre kirlili\u011fi dedi\u011fimiz, dikkatsiz bir ailenin pikni\u011finden arta kalanlar; kar\u0131ncan\u0131n hayat\u0131nda inan\u0131lmaz bir deneyim olacakt\u0131r. As\u0131l \u015fimdi \u015funu dinleyin: Ya e\u011fer d\u00fcnya d\u0131\u015f\u0131 uygarl\u0131klar da o dikkatsiz aile gibi d\u00fcnyam\u0131za gelip, bu mavi gezegendeki kar\u0131nca-benzeri yarat\u0131klar\u0131 umursamadan sa\u011fa sola dikkatsizce sa\u00e7t\u0131klar\u0131 art\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 arkalar\u0131nda b\u0131rak\u0131p gitselerdi ne olurdu?<\/p>\n

\""B\u00f6lge"\"<\/a>
“B\u00f6lge”<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Hi\u00e7 al\u0131\u015f\u0131k olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z t\u00fcrden sa\u00e7mal\u0131klarla ba\u015fetmek ve neler olup bitti\u011fini anlamak i\u00e7in deliler gibi kafa yoracakt\u0131k. \u0130\u015fte iyi bilimkurgu b\u00f6ylesine heyecan verici fikirler anlam\u0131na gelir. G\u00fcndelik hayattan se\u00e7ilerek hayalg\u00fcc\u00fcn\u00fcn eline d\u00fc\u015fen alelade bir g\u00f6zlem ve iyi bilimkurgu yazar\u0131n\u0131n elinde ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 inan\u0131lmaz hal. Bu hikayede as\u0131l heyecan verici olan soru \u015fudur: \u0130nsandan daha zeki ne demektir? Mant\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z\u0131n \u00f6tesinde ve ondan daha \u00fcst\u00fcn bir \u015feyle kar\u015f\u0131la\u015fsak ne yapard\u0131k? (1) Foucault\u2019un sordu\u011fu gibi: Neyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek imkans\u0131zd\u0131r ve hangi imkans\u0131zl\u0131k s\u00f6zkonusudur?<\/p>\n

\u015eunu da dinleyin: G\u00fcne\u015fimizin evrende tek ba\u015f\u0131na bir y\u0131ld\u0131z olmas\u0131 nadir rastlanan bir durumdur. Yap\u0131lan g\u00f6zlemlerden elde edilen sonuca g\u00f6re y\u0131ld\u0131zlar genellikle iki, \u00fc\u00e7 hatta daha fazla y\u0131ld\u0131zdan olu\u015fan gruplar halinde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015flard\u0131r. \u00d6rne\u011fin g\u00fcne\u015fimize (dolay\u0131s\u0131yla bize) en yak\u0131n y\u0131ld\u0131z sistemi birbirleri etraf\u0131nda d\u00f6nen, birbirlerine g\u00f6re konumlar\u0131 periyodik olarak de\u011fi\u015fen \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ld\u0131zdan olu\u015fan bir sistemdir: Proxima, Alfa ve Beta Centauri y\u0131ld\u0131zlar\u0131 sadece g\u00fcney yar\u0131k\u00fcreden g\u00f6zlemlenebilir. S\u0131k\u0131 durun heyecan verici bir ba\u015fka bilimkurgu fikri geliyor: Bizim tek g\u00fcne\u015fimiz (y\u0131ld\u0131z\u0131m\u0131z) var. Bu y\u00fczden d\u00fcnyan\u0131n kendi etraf\u0131ndaki d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fc bize birbirine e\u015f gece ve g\u00fcnd\u00fcz\u00fc veriyor. \u0130nsanlar olarak binlerce y\u0131ld\u0131r al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z, kan\u0131ksad\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z bir olay, bir sonu\u00e7. Ya e\u011fer d\u00fcnyam\u0131z, Proxima, Alfa ve Beta Centauri sistemi gibi \u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc bir y\u0131ld\u0131z sisteminde yarat\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olsayd\u0131? Bu \u00fc\u00e7 tane g\u00fcne\u015fimiz olaca\u011f\u0131 anlam\u0131na gelirdi. T\u0131pk\u0131 Tatooine\u2019de g\u00fcnbat\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 seyre dalan Luke gibi hissedecektik. G\u00f6ky\u00fcz\u00fcnde her daim en az bir g\u00fcne\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in gezegenimiz b\u00fcy\u00fck ihtimalle bir \u00e7\u00f6l gezegeni olacakt\u0131. T\u0131pk\u0131 Tatooine gibi. Ama durun! Bitmedi! As\u0131l \u015fu fikre bir bak\u0131n! \u00dc\u00e7l\u00fc y\u0131ld\u0131z sisteminde her y\u0131ld\u0131z birbirlerine g\u00f6re periyodik hareketlerini yaparlarken \u00fc\u00e7 g\u00fcne\u015fin birden gezegenin bir taraf\u0131nda toplanmas\u0131 \u00e7ok nadir ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen bir do\u011fa olay\u0131 olacakt\u0131, yani \u00fczerinde hi\u00e7 g\u00fcne\u015f batmayan gezegenin geceleri belki binlerce y\u0131lda bir kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fecekti. Bilimkurgu yazar\u0131 bu noktada \u015funu yazd\u0131: Gecenin ne oldu\u011funu bilmeyen alt\u0131 g\u00fcne\u015fli gezegenin insanlar\u0131 i\u00e7in gece, korkun\u00e7 bir \u015fey olsa gerektir! Binlerce y\u0131lda bir kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fen gece, belki de b\u00fct\u00fcn gezegendeki insanlar\u0131 \u00e7\u0131ld\u0131rtacak kadar tahrip edici psikolojik etkilere sahip olacakt\u0131r. Belki de b\u00f6yle bir gezegende uygarl\u0131k geceden geceye ya\u015fanan uzun g\u00fcnd\u00fczlerde var olacak, gece olunca yeni bir y\u0131k\u0131m uygarl\u0131k sayac\u0131n\u0131 s\u0131f\u0131rlayacakt\u0131r… (2)<\/p>\n

\"Tatooine'e<\/a>
Tatooine’e ilham olan fikir<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Bu iki \u00f6rnek gibi, \u00e7ok iyi d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f ve yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f o kadar g\u00fczel \u00f6rnekler var ki… Bak\u0131n Theodore Sturgeon ne diyor: \u201c\u0130yi bilimkurgu iyi romand\u0131r. Bu, s\u0131radan okuyucudan ciddi ele\u015ftirmene kadar herkes; bilimkurguyu uzay giysileri i\u00e7indeki \u0131\u015f\u0131n tabancal\u0131 kahramanlar\u0131n metal s\u00fctyenli k\u0131zlar\u0131 p\u00f6rtlek g\u00f6zl\u00fc canavarlar\u0131n sald\u0131r\u0131lar\u0131ndan koruduklar\u0131 bilimkurgudan ibaret sanmaktan vazge\u00e7ene dek, tekrarlanmas\u0131 gereken bir \u00f6nermedir.\u201d<\/p>\n

Arthur C. Clarke, Ray Bradbury, Philip K. Dick, Stanislaw Lem, J.G. Ballard, Isaac Asimov…<\/p>\n

(1) \u041f\u0438\u043a\u043d\u0438\u043a \u043d\u0430 \u043e\u0431\u043e\u0447\u0438\u043d\u0435 – \u0410\u0440\u043a\u0430\u0301\u0434\u0438\u0439 \u0411\u043e\u0440\u0438\u0301\u0441 \u0421\u0442\u0440\u0443\u0433\u0430\u0301\u0446\u043a\u0438\u0439 (Uzayda Piknik – Arkadi ve Boris Strugatski) Bu roman ayn\u0131 zamanda senaryosunu Strugatski Karde\u015fler\u2019in yazd\u0131\u011f\u0131 Andrei Tarkovsky\u2019nin Stalker isimli filmine ilham kayna\u011f\u0131 olmu\u015ftur.
\n(2) Nightfall – Isaac Asimov. 1941 tarihli bu \u00f6yk\u00fc Asimov\u2019a en sayg\u0131n bilimkurgu \u00f6d\u00fcl\u00fc olan Nebula \u00d6d\u00fcl\u00fc\u2019n\u00fc kazand\u0131rm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u015eunu bir d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcn: Bizim i\u00e7in alelade olan \u015feyler, bir kar\u0131nca i\u00e7in ne muazzamd\u0131r! \u00d6rne\u011fin ailenizle ge\u00e7irdi\u011finiz ne\u015feli bir piknik sonras\u0131nda arkan\u0131zda b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131z \u00e7er \u00e7\u00f6p, tabiat\u0131n o b\u00f6lgesinde ya\u015fayan kar\u0131ncalar i\u00e7in s\u0131radanl\u0131\u011f\u0131 ne denli bozar, \u015f\u00f6yle bir hayal edin. Her g\u00fcn al\u0131\u015fageldi\u011fi \u00fczere gidip geldi\u011fi ve besin ta\u015f\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 yol \u00fczerinde bir kola kutusu, i\u00e7inden s\u0131zan \u015fekerli […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[248],"tags":[415,27,75,69,62,416,80,68],"class_list":["post-1332","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-cesitli","tag-arkady-ve-boris-strugatsky","tag-bilimkurgu","tag-elestiri","tag-en-iyiler","tag-ilginc","tag-isaac-asimov","tag-kultur","tag-roman"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1332","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1332"}],"version-history":[{"count":5,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1332\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1339,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1332\/revisions\/1339"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1332"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1332"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gokhanyorgancigil.com\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1332"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}